Finanzen · Glossar
What is Inflation?
Schnelldefinition
The rate at which the general level of prices for goods and services rises, eroding purchasing power. Measured by CPI.
Vollständige Erklärung
Inflation is the percentage increase in the price level of goods and services over time. The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is the most common measure. At 3% annual inflation, $100 today buys $97 of goods next year, $94 the year after. Central banks (the Federal Reserve, ECB) target ~2% inflation as the sweet spot for economic growth without eroding savings too quickly. Inflation is a hidden tax on cash holders but a boost to borrowers (debts are repaid in cheaper future dollars). Real return on investments = nominal return − inflation. A 7% stock return with 3% inflation is a 4% real return.
Verwandte Rechner
Calculators that use or explain Inflation.
Verwandte Begriffe
More from Finanzen
APR (Annual Percentage Rate)
The yearly cost of a loan, expressed as a percentage, including most fees. Used when borrowing money.
APY (Annual Percentage Yield)
The yearly return on a deposit or investment, including the effect of compounding. Used when saving money.
Compound Interest
Interest calculated on the initial principal AND on the accumulated interest from previous periods. The engine of long-term wealth.
Simple Interest
Interest calculated only on the original principal, not on accumulated interest. Used in short-term and consumer loans.
Principal
The original sum of money borrowed or invested, not including interest. The base on which interest is calculated.
Amortization
Spreading loan payments over time so each payment covers both principal and interest, with the loan fully paid off at the end.
Last reviewed: June 15, 2026 • Category: Finanzen